globals [ sample-car walkers-pass walkers-generated walkers-pass-per-tick cars-passed car-passing walkers-pass-per-car cars-per-walker ] turtles-own [ speed speed-limit speed-min ] breed [walkers walker] to setup ;;;;;The setup procedure ca ask patches [ setup-road ] setup-cars setup-walker set walkers-pass 0 set walkers-generated 0 set walkers-pass-per-tick 0 set cars-passed 0 end ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; to setup-road ;; patch procedure if ( pycor < 2 ) and ( pycor > -2 ) [ set pcolor white ] if (pycor > 1) or ( pycor < -1) [set pcolor gray ] ask patch 0 0 [set pcolor yellow] ask patch 0 -1 [set pcolor yellow] ask patch 0 1 [set pcolor yellow] ask patch 1 0 [set pcolor pink] end to setup-cars if ( number-of-cars > world-width ) [ user-message (word "There are too many cars for the amount of road. Please decrease the NUMBER-OF-CARS slider to below " (world-width + 1) " and press the SETUP button again. The setup has stopped.") stop ] set-default-shape turtles "car" crt number-of-cars [ set color red setxy random-xcor 0 set heading 90 ;;; set initial speed to be in range 0.1 to 1.0 set speed 0.1 + random-float .9 set speed-limit 1 set speed-min 0 separate-cars ] set sample-car one-of turtles ask sample-car [ set color green] end ; this procedure is needed so when we click "Setup" we ; don't end up with any two cars on the same patch to separate-cars ;; turtle procedure if any? other turtles-here [ fd 1 separate-cars ] end ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;;; WALKER PROCEDURES;;;;;;; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; to setup-walker set-default-shape turtles "person" create-walkers 1 [setxy 0 -2 set color blue set heading 0 set walkers-generated (walkers-generated + 1) ] end to walker-move ask walkers [ifelse any? turtles-at 0 1 ;;;; if the road in front of you is empty then don't move [ ] ;; otherwise, if you beat the probability move [if random 100 < walker-move-probability or pcolor = yellow [fd 1] ] ] end to walker-new ;;;;create walkers with random probability if random 100 < walker-appearance-probability [create-walkers 1 [setxy 0 -2 set color blue set heading 0 set walkers-generated (walkers-generated + 1) ] ] end to walker-vanish ;;;;vanish the walkers that manage to come accross ask walkers [if ycor = 2 [set walkers-pass (walkers-pass + 1) die ]] end to check-car ask turtles-on patch 1 0 [if any? turtles-on patch 1 0 and car-passing != who [set cars-passed cars-passed + 1 set car-passing who]] end ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;The GO procedure to go ;; if there is a car right ahead of you, match its speed then slow down ask turtles [ ifelse any? turtles-at 1 0 [ set speed ([speed] of one-of turtles-at 1 0) slow-down-car ] ;; otherwise, speed up [ speed-up-car ] ;;; don't slow down below speed minimum or speed up beyond speed limit if speed < speed-min [ set speed speed-min ] if speed > speed-limit [ set speed speed-limit ] fd speed ] check-car ;;;;;;;;;;;;;Walker to-go walker-move walker-new walker-vanish tick set walkers-pass-per-tick ( walkers-pass / ticks ) if cars-passed != 0 [set walkers-pass-per-car (walkers-pass / cars-passed )] if walkers-pass != 0 [set cars-per-walker (cars-passed / walkers-pass) ] plot-cars end to slow-down-car ;; turtle procedure set speed speed - deceleration end to speed-up-car ;; turtle procedure set speed speed + acceleration end ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;The plots to plot-cars set-current-plot "Car Speed" set-current-plot-pen "Green Car Speed" plot [speed] of sample-car set-current-plot-pen "Min Speed" plot min [speed] of turtles set-current-plot-pen "Max Speed" plot max [speed] of turtles set-current-plot "Walkers and Cars Passed Point 0" set-current-plot-pen "Walkers Passed" plot walkers-pass set-current-plot-pen "Cars Passed" plot cars-passed end ; *** NetLogo 4.0.4 Model Copyright Notice *** ; ; Model created at 2009 by Stylianos Kampakis and constitutes ; a modification of the original model by Uri Wilensky ; ; ; Permission to use, modify or redistribute this model is hereby granted, ; provided that both of the following requirements are followed: ; a) this copyright notice is included. ; b) this model will not be redistributed for profit without permission ; from Uri Wilensky. ; Contact Uri Wilensky for appropriate licenses for redistribution for ; profit. ; ; ; *** End of NetLogo 4.0.4 Model Copyright Notice *** @#$#@#$#@ GRAPHICS-WINDOW 85 184 889 355 25 4 15.57 1 10 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 -25 25 -4 4 1 1 1 ticks CC-WINDOW 5 701 1079 796 Command Center 0 BUTTON 36 72 108 113 NIL setup NIL 1 T OBSERVER NIL NIL NIL NIL BUTTON 119 73 190 113 NIL go T 1 T OBSERVER NIL NIL NIL NIL SLIDER 36 16 240 49 number-of-cars number-of-cars 1 41 24 1 1 NIL HORIZONTAL SLIDER 943 16 1070 49 deceleration deceleration 0 .099 0.085 .001 1 NIL HORIZONTAL SLIDER 785 18 912 51 acceleration acceleration 0 .0099 0.0062 .0001 1 NIL HORIZONTAL PLOT 511 369 937 573 Car Speed time speed 0.0 300.0 0.0 1.1 true true PENS "Green Car Speed" 1.0 0 -10899396 true "Min Speed" 1.0 0 -13345367 true "Max Speed" 1.0 0 -2674135 true MONITOR 479 73 582 118 green car speed ifelse-value any? turtles\n [ [speed] of sample-car ]\n [ 0 ] 3 1 11 SLIDER 284 14 502 47 walker-appearance-probability walker-appearance-probability 0 100 13 1 1 NIL HORIZONTAL BUTTON 199 72 271 113 NIL go NIL 1 T OBSERVER NIL NIL NIL NIL MONITOR 322 123 522 168 Walkers managed to pass accross walkers-pass 17 1 11 SLIDER 541 17 758 50 walker-move-probability walker-move-probability 0 100 41 1 1 NIL HORIZONTAL MONITOR 320 72 435 117 NIL count walkers 17 1 11 MONITOR 608 73 725 118 NIL walkers-generated 17 1 11 MONITOR 156 605 312 650 Walkers that pass per tick walkers-pass-per-tick 17 1 11 PLOT 42 369 467 572 Walkers and Cars Passed Point 0 time count 0.0 10.0 0.0 10.0 true true PENS "Walkers Passed" 1.0 0 -13345367 true "Cars Passed" 1.0 0 -2674135 true MONITOR 532 124 724 169 Cars Managed to Pass Point 0 cars-passed 17 1 11 MONITOR 349 605 504 650 Walkers that pass per car walkers-pass-per-car 17 1 11 MONITOR 554 605 754 650 Cars that cross point 0 per walker cars-per-walker 17 1 11 TEXTBOX 558 659 779 687 Point 0 is the yellow patch at the center of the road 11 0.0 1 @#$#@#$#@ WHAT IS IT? ----------- This model was based on the traffic model (simple) by Uri Wilensky. The original purpose of this model was this as written by the author himself "This model models the movement of cars on a highway. Each car follows a simple set of rules: it slows down (decelerates) if it sees a car close ahead, and speeds up (accelerates) if it doesn't see a car ahead. The model demonstrates how traffic jams can form even without any accidents, broken bridges, or overturned trucks. No "centralized cause" is needed for a traffic jam to form." The purpose of my modification is to study how an idealized model of walkers that try to pass the street would work in this setting. HOW TO USE IT ------------- Click on the SETUP button to set up the cars. Set the NUMBER slider to change the number of cars on the road. The walker appereance probability defines the percent probability of a walker appearing on the south side of the road with the intention to get north. This probability applies per tick. Click on GO to start the cars moving. Note that they wrap around the world as they move, so the road is like a continuous loop. The walkers try to pass to the road ONLY when there are no cars in front of them. They will make an attempt to pass the road witha probability equal to walker move probability slider. If a walker gets on the street, he doesn't stop, until he reaches the other side, on where he disappears. The ACCELERATION slider controls the rate at which cars accelerate (speed up) when there are no cars ahead. When a car sees another car right in front, it matches that car's speed and then slows down a bit more. How much slower it goes than the car in front of it is controlled by the DECELERATION slider. THINGS TO NOTICE ---------------- The original model was about traffic jams. This model is about how the variables of the original model (acceleration, deceleration), the percentage of walkers on a given street and their aggresivenes (that is, how probable it is they will try to go on the road) will affect the results. Note two things in the model: 1) This model is about one one-sided road 2) The model considers that both walkers and car drivers are "uncivilized", that is, they are trying to cross the yellow point without obeying to traffic laws. They will only stop when they see that they will cause an accident. This case for walkers is when there is a car in front of them, and for cars, when there is a walker in front of them. What I found most interesting, is that the results can be described by a stationary law. The plots are linear, which implies, that they could be described by a simple equation that considers all the factors. You will also notice that the 3 statistics in the bottom, always circle around a certain number, depending on the factors. This model represents a highly idealized and abstract situation, however, I don't know if this could be the case in reality too. Perhaps, the same situation could be described by stationary laws in real life too. THINGS TO TRY -------------- Try changing the parameters and see how they always end up in linear plots. EXTENDING THE MODEL ------------ This model should incorporate a two-way road setting. Perhaps even more complex rules. RELATED MODELS --------------- "Traffic" (in StarLogoT) adds graphics, trucks, and a radar trap. "Gridlock" (a HubNet model which can be run as a participatory simulation) models traffic in a grid with many intersections. CREDITS AND REFERENCES ----------------------- This model is a modification by Stylianos Kampakis on the traffic model (simple) by Uri Wilensky. official site: http://encefalus.com @#$#@#$#@ default true 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 5 40 250 150 205 260 250 airplane true 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 0 135 15 120 60 120 105 15 165 15 195 120 180 135 240 105 270 120 285 150 270 180 285 210 270 165 240 180 180 285 195 285 165 180 105 180 60 165 15 arrow true 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 0 0 150 105 150 105 293 195 293 195 150 300 150 box false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 285 285 225 285 75 150 135 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 135 15 75 150 15 285 75 Polygon -7500403 true true 15 75 15 225 150 285 150 135 Line -16777216 false 150 285 150 135 Line -16777216 false 150 135 15 75 Line -16777216 false 150 135 285 75 bug true 0 Circle -7500403 true true 96 182 108 Circle -7500403 true true 110 127 80 Circle -7500403 true true 110 75 80 Line -7500403 true 150 100 80 30 Line -7500403 true 150 100 220 30 butterfly true 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 165 209 199 225 225 225 255 195 270 165 255 150 240 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 165 89 198 75 225 75 255 105 270 135 255 150 240 Polygon -7500403 true true 139 148 100 105 55 90 25 90 10 105 10 135 25 180 40 195 85 194 139 163 Polygon -7500403 true true 162 150 200 105 245 90 275 90 290 105 290 135 275 180 260 195 215 195 162 165 Polygon -16777216 true false 150 255 135 225 120 150 135 120 150 105 165 120 180 150 165 225 Circle -16777216 true false 135 90 30 Line -16777216 false 150 105 195 60 Line -16777216 false 150 105 105 60 car false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 300 180 279 164 261 144 240 135 226 132 213 106 203 84 185 63 159 50 135 50 75 60 0 150 0 165 0 225 300 225 300 180 Circle -16777216 true false 180 180 90 Circle -16777216 true false 30 180 90 Polygon -16777216 true false 162 80 132 78 134 135 209 135 194 105 189 96 180 89 Circle -7500403 true true 47 195 58 Circle -7500403 true true 195 195 58 circle false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 0 0 300 circle 2 false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 0 0 300 Circle -16777216 true false 30 30 240 cow false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 200 193 197 249 179 249 177 196 166 187 140 189 93 191 78 179 72 211 49 209 48 181 37 149 25 120 25 89 45 72 103 84 179 75 198 76 252 64 272 81 293 103 285 121 255 121 242 118 224 167 Polygon -7500403 true true 73 210 86 251 62 249 48 208 Polygon -7500403 true true 25 114 16 195 9 204 23 213 25 200 39 123 cylinder false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 0 0 300 dot false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 90 90 120 face happy false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 8 8 285 Circle -16777216 true false 60 75 60 Circle -16777216 true false 180 75 60 Polygon -16777216 true false 150 255 90 239 62 213 47 191 67 179 90 203 109 218 150 225 192 218 210 203 227 181 251 194 236 217 212 240 face neutral false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 8 7 285 Circle -16777216 true false 60 75 60 Circle -16777216 true false 180 75 60 Rectangle -16777216 true false 60 195 240 225 face sad false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 8 8 285 Circle -16777216 true false 60 75 60 Circle -16777216 true false 180 75 60 Polygon -16777216 true false 150 168 90 184 62 210 47 232 67 244 90 220 109 205 150 198 192 205 210 220 227 242 251 229 236 206 212 183 fish false 0 Polygon -1 true false 44 131 21 87 15 86 0 120 15 150 0 180 13 214 20 212 45 166 Polygon -1 true false 135 195 119 235 95 218 76 210 46 204 60 165 Polygon -1 true false 75 45 83 77 71 103 86 114 166 78 135 60 Polygon -7500403 true true 30 136 151 77 226 81 280 119 292 146 292 160 287 170 270 195 195 210 151 212 30 166 Circle -16777216 true false 215 106 30 flag false 0 Rectangle -7500403 true true 60 15 75 300 Polygon -7500403 true true 90 150 270 90 90 30 Line -7500403 true 75 135 90 135 Line -7500403 true 75 45 90 45 flower false 0 Polygon -10899396 true false 135 120 165 165 180 210 180 240 150 300 165 300 195 240 195 195 165 135 Circle -7500403 true true 85 132 38 Circle -7500403 true true 130 147 38 Circle -7500403 true true 192 85 38 Circle -7500403 true true 85 40 38 Circle -7500403 true true 177 40 38 Circle -7500403 true true 177 132 38 Circle -7500403 true true 70 85 38 Circle -7500403 true true 130 25 38 Circle -7500403 true true 96 51 108 Circle -16777216 true false 113 68 74 Polygon -10899396 true false 189 233 219 188 249 173 279 188 234 218 Polygon -10899396 true false 180 255 150 210 105 210 75 240 135 240 house false 0 Rectangle -7500403 true true 45 120 255 285 Rectangle -16777216 true false 120 210 180 285 Polygon -7500403 true true 15 120 150 15 285 120 Line -16777216 false 30 120 270 120 leaf false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 210 135 195 120 210 60 210 30 195 60 180 60 165 15 135 30 120 15 105 40 104 45 90 60 90 90 105 105 120 120 120 105 60 120 60 135 30 150 15 165 30 180 60 195 60 180 120 195 120 210 105 240 90 255 90 263 104 285 105 270 120 285 135 240 165 240 180 270 195 240 210 180 210 165 195 Polygon -7500403 true true 135 195 135 240 120 255 105 255 105 285 135 285 165 240 165 195 line true 0 Line -7500403 true 150 0 150 300 line half true 0 Line -7500403 true 150 0 150 150 pentagon false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 15 15 120 60 285 240 285 285 120 person false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 110 5 80 Polygon -7500403 true true 105 90 120 195 90 285 105 300 135 300 150 225 165 300 195 300 210 285 180 195 195 90 Rectangle -7500403 true true 127 79 172 94 Polygon -7500403 true true 195 90 240 150 225 180 165 105 Polygon -7500403 true true 105 90 60 150 75 180 135 105 plant false 0 Rectangle -7500403 true true 135 90 165 300 Polygon -7500403 true true 135 255 90 210 45 195 75 255 135 285 Polygon -7500403 true true 165 255 210 210 255 195 225 255 165 285 Polygon -7500403 true true 135 180 90 135 45 120 75 180 135 210 Polygon -7500403 true true 165 180 165 210 225 180 255 120 210 135 Polygon -7500403 true true 135 105 90 60 45 45 75 105 135 135 Polygon -7500403 true true 165 105 165 135 225 105 255 45 210 60 Polygon -7500403 true true 135 90 120 45 150 15 180 45 165 90 square false 0 Rectangle -7500403 true true 30 30 270 270 square 2 false 0 Rectangle -7500403 true true 30 30 270 270 Rectangle -16777216 true false 60 60 240 240 star false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 151 1 185 108 298 108 207 175 242 282 151 216 59 282 94 175 3 108 116 108 target false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 0 0 300 Circle -16777216 true false 30 30 240 Circle -7500403 true true 60 60 180 Circle -16777216 true false 90 90 120 Circle -7500403 true true 120 120 60 tree false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 118 3 94 Rectangle -6459832 true false 120 195 180 300 Circle -7500403 true true 65 21 108 Circle -7500403 true true 116 41 127 Circle -7500403 true true 45 90 120 Circle -7500403 true true 104 74 152 triangle false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 30 15 255 285 255 triangle 2 false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 30 15 255 285 255 Polygon -16777216 true false 151 99 225 223 75 224 truck false 0 Rectangle -7500403 true true 4 45 195 187 Polygon -7500403 true true 296 193 296 150 259 134 244 104 208 104 207 194 Rectangle -1 true false 195 60 195 105 Polygon -16777216 true false 238 112 252 141 219 141 218 112 Circle -16777216 true false 234 174 42 Rectangle -7500403 true true 181 185 214 194 Circle -16777216 true false 144 174 42 Circle -16777216 true false 24 174 42 Circle -7500403 false true 24 174 42 Circle -7500403 false true 144 174 42 Circle -7500403 false true 234 174 42 turtle true 0 Polygon -10899396 true false 215 204 240 233 246 254 228 266 215 252 193 210 Polygon -10899396 true false 195 90 225 75 245 75 260 89 269 108 261 124 240 105 225 105 210 105 Polygon -10899396 true false 105 90 75 75 55 75 40 89 31 108 39 124 60 105 75 105 90 105 Polygon -10899396 true false 132 85 134 64 107 51 108 17 150 2 192 18 192 52 169 65 172 87 Polygon -10899396 true false 85 204 60 233 54 254 72 266 85 252 107 210 Polygon -7500403 true true 119 75 179 75 209 101 224 135 220 225 175 261 128 261 81 224 74 135 88 99 wheel false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 3 3 294 Circle -16777216 true false 30 30 240 Line -7500403 true 150 285 150 15 Line -7500403 true 15 150 285 150 Circle -7500403 true true 120 120 60 Line -7500403 true 216 40 79 269 Line -7500403 true 40 84 269 221 Line -7500403 true 40 216 269 79 Line -7500403 true 84 40 221 269 x false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 270 75 225 30 30 225 75 270 Polygon -7500403 true true 30 75 75 30 270 225 225 270 @#$#@#$#@ NetLogo 4.0.4 @#$#@#$#@ setup repeat 180 [ go ] @#$#@#$#@ @#$#@#$#@ @#$#@#$#@ @#$#@#$#@ default 0.0 -0.2 0 0.0 1.0 0.0 1 1.0 0.0 0.2 0 0.0 1.0 link direction true 0 Line -7500403 true 150 150 90 180 Line -7500403 true 150 150 210 180 @#$#@#$#@